An electronic control unit combines a variety of functions for a wide range of applications. They combine several functions and control practically all the vehicle's electronics, drive, comfort and security functions. In addition, they can are used as intermediaries and managers in complex electrical and electronic vehicle architectures (gateways).
In the EV and HEV the power converters control the electrical current between the battery and the motor and vice-versa. The internal components of a power converter are principally the semiconductors. Consequently, they must be designed to manage a battery voltage up to higher levels (especially on the charge phase).
Whatever type of processor is used in the embedded system, a very general-purpose type or highly specialized processor intended for a particular application, need a software platform to guarantee the reliability and safety of the application running on.